????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????. ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? (Tg) ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????. ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ????????. ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ????????. ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??????. ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ????????.
?? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? (Tg)
???? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? (Tg) ??? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????. ??? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????.
???? ????? ???????? ??????? (Tg) ?? ???? ????? ???? ??????. ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???????? (???? ???? ????? ????? ??) ??? ?????? ??????. ???? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????. ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ?????????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????????. ????? Tg ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????.
Tg ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????. ??? ???? Tg ???????? ???? ????? ????????. ??????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????. ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???????. ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? Tg.
???? Tg ??? ???? ?? ?????? ????????. ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???????. ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?????????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????.
?? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??????. ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????.
??? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ???????. ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ???????. ????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????. ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? (Tm). ????? ?????????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????.
??? Tg ?? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????
?????? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????????. ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????. ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ?????????. ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????. ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????. ?????? Tg ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???:
????? ?????? ????? ??????: ?????? Tg ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???????. ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????. ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? Tg. ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??????. ?????? ????? Tg ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? Tg. ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ????.
??????? ???????: ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????. ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? Tg ??? ???????? ????????? ????????. ??? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???????. ????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??????.
?????? ???????????: ????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????. ????? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?? Tg. ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? Tg? ???? ??? ?????. ???? ????? Tg? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????.
????? ????? ???????: ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ????????. ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? Tg ??????? ????? ???? ???????. ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ????????.
???? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????
???? ?????? ?????? ?????????? (CNC) ??? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????. ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ?????. ????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????. ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????. ????? ??? Tg ?? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????:
?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????: ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????. ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? Tg ??? ????? ???????. ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????. ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ?????. ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????????. ??? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ????? Tg ?????????? ??????? ???????.
?????? ??????: ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????????. ?? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?????????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????. ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??????. ???? ?????? ??? ???? Tg ??????? ????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ????.
?????? ??????? ??????: ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????. ????? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??????. ????? ?????????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????. ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????. ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??????.
???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????????
???? ??? Tg ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????. ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ????????? ?? ???;
??????? ????????
?? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????. ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????. ??? ??????? ????? ????????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??????. ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ???????. ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????. ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? Tg ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????.
???? ???????? (PP): Tg = -10 ???? ????? ??? -20 ???? ?????
????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ????????. ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ???? Tg ??????. ???? Tg ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????. ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ????????.
???? ??????? (PC): Tg = 145 ????
Tg ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ???? ????? ????? ??????. ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? Tg. ????? Tg ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????.
??????????? (PS)? Tg= 100 ???? ?????
??? ??????????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ????????. ????? Tg ????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?????. ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????.
???? ???? (??????): Tg = 50 ???? ??? 70 ????
?? Tg ??????? ?? ???????? ?????. ????? Tg ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??????. ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? Tg ???????. ????? Tg ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ????????.
?????? ????????
???? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????. ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????. ?? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? 50 ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? 20000 ???? ???????. ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ????????. ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????. ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ???? ??? Tg ??????? ????????.
???????: Tg= 100 ???? ??? 250 ???? ??? ????????
??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ???????. ????? Tg ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????. ???? ??? Tg ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????. ???? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????. ????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????.
???????: Tg= 140 ???? ?200 ????
???? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ???????. ????? ???? ??????? ??????? Tg ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????.
????????
????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? Tg ???? ????? ??? ????????? ????????. ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??? Tg ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????.
?????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? (CFRP): Tg= 150 ???? ??? 300 ????
?????? ?????? ??????? ?? CFRPS ???? Tg ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????. ????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????. ????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ???????.
???? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????
| ?????? | ???? ????? ???????? ??????? (Tg) |
|---|---|
| ?????? ??????? (PP) | -10 ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? |
| ???? ??????? (PC) | 145°颁 |
| ??????????? (PS) | 100°颁 |
| ???? ???? (??????) | 50 ???? ????? ??? 70 ???? ????? |
| ??????? | 100 ???? ????? ??? 250 ???? ????? |
| ??????? | 140 ???? ????? ??? 200 ???? ????? |
| ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? (CFRP) | 150 ???? ????? ??? 300 ???? ????? |
???? ????????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????
????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????. ????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??? Tg.
???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????????: ???? ???? ???? ???? Tg ??? ?????????. ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????.
?????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ????????: ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???????. ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ??? Tg. ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????????.
????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????: ????? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????. ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ??? ???????.
?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????: ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????. ??? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????? Tg ???????.
???????? ??????? ???????: ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? Tg. ?? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???????.
????????? ????????? ?????????? ?? ????? Tg
????????? ????????: ???? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????. ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ??? Tg? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ???????. ???? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????????. ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?????. ???? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ????????.
????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????: ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????. ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????. ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? Tg. ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??????.
???? ???????: ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????. ????? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??????. ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????. ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? Tg ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ???????.
???????
???????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????. ????? ????????? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????. ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????. ????? Tg ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????. ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ??????.
???? ????????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ??????. ???????? ??? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ???????? ???? ??????? ????.
???????? ????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????. ?????? ?????? ?? ????? Tg ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????.
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