天美影院

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????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??????. ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????????????? ??????????? ???????.

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????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? (CAD) ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????. ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????.

???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????. ????? ???? ??????? ?? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ???????. ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ???????.

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???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ^[2]. ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? (SLA)? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ??? 1984? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ????.

?? ?????????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? (FDM) ???????? ????????? ??????? (SLS)? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??? ??? ?????????. ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? ???????.

??? ???????? ??????? ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????. ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???????.

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??????? ???????? ??????? (FDM)

?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????. ??? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?????.

??????? ?????? FDM ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????. ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???????? FDM ?? PLA ?ABS ?PETG ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????. ??? ????? ?? ?? ????? FDM ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????.

??????? ??????? ??????? (SLA)

?? SLA (??????? ??????? ???????)? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ?????. ??? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? SLA ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???????.

???? ????????? ????????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???????. ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????.

??????? ????????? ??????? (SLS)

??????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???. ???? ? SLS ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ^[3].

???? ????? SLS ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? ???????. ??? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????.

???????? ??????? ??????? (DLP)

???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? SLA? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ????. ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??????? DLP. ??????? ????? DLP ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????.

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???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? (DMLS) ???????? ????????? ??????? (SLM) ???????? ??????? ??????????? (EBM). ???? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????????. ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????????.

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???? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????. ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????????? (CMMs) ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????.

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??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????????. ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? SLA ?DLP ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????????. ????? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????.

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[1] ????????? (2026). ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ????????

[2] Ashtari, H. (2022? 4 ??????/????? ?????). ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? 2026.

[3] ???????? (2026). ??????? ?????? ???????: ?????? ????????? ????????? ??????.

[4] ?????? (2016). ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????

[5] ???????? (2025). ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????: ??????? ?????????? ????????.

[6] ?????? (2026). ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????.