??????? ?????? ??????? (MIM) ?? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ???. ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????. ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????. ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?? 100 ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????.
??????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????.
???? ???? ??? ???? ???????
?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? (PIM) ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ????????? (PIM) ????? ??? MIM ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????. ??? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ????? - ???? ????? ?????? ?????? - ?? ?????? ??? ??? ????. ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????.
??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???! ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ???? "????? ??????"? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????. ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ???? "????? ?????".
????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? (???????)? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????. ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????.
1. ???????
????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???. ????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? 4-25 ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? 60:40 ?? ??? ?????. ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????. ??? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????. ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? MIM.
???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????. ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????. ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????.
2. ??????? ??????
???? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ?????????. ????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????. ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??????.
????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????. ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????.
????? ???? ???? ?? "????? ??????"? ?????? ???????. ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??????.
To compensate for the shrinkage that occurs during sintering, the cavity is made to be 20% larger and this shrinkage change depends on each material.
3. ??? ???????
?? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? "????? ??????" ???? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? "????? ?????". ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????.
??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????;
Ⅰ. ??? ????????
?? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????????. ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ????????. ??? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ????. ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????. ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????.
Ⅱ. ?? ??????? ???????/?????? ???????
?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???????. ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???????. ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????. ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??????. ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????.
Ⅲ. ????? ????????
??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??. ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ??? ???????? ??????. ????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????. ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????.
?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????.
????? "????? ?????" ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????????. ???? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ???????.
4. ???????
??? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????. ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????????. ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????. ??? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????. ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????????. ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??? 20% ???? ????? ???????. ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????.
???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????
The metal materials suitable for MIM are quite common. In theory, any powder material that can be cast at high temperatures can be formed into parts through the MIM process, including hard-to-machine materials and high-melting-point materials in traditional manufacturing processes. Metals that can be processed by MIM include low-alloy steels, stainless steels, tool steels, nickel-based alloys, tungsten alloys, hard alloys, titanium alloys, magnetic materials, Kovar alloys, precision ceramics, and more. Additionally, MIM can also customize material formulations based on the user’s performance requirements.
???? ????? MIM ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????. ??? ??????? ??? ?????? SUS316L ?SUS420J2 ?SUS440C ?SUS630 ?SNCM415 ?SKD11 ?SKH51 ?????? Ti? ???.
| ???? ?????? | ?????? ??????? | ?????? ??????? |
|---|---|---|
| ??????? - ????? ????? ???????? | Fe?Ni? Fe?Ni | ????????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? |
| ??????? ??????? ????? | 316 ?? 17 - 4 ?? 420? 440 ?? 420? 440 ? | ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? |
| ??????? ???????? | WC - Co | ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? |
| ????????? | Al?O?? ZrO?? SiO? | ?????????? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ?????? |
| ????? ????? | ????? - ?? - ??? ????? - ?? - ????? ????? - ?? - ????? ????? - ???? | ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? - ?????? ????????? ?????? |
| ????? ?????????? | Ti? Ti - 6Al - 4V | ????????? ???????? ?????? ????????? |
| ?????? ??????????? | Fe, NdFeB?, SmCo?, Fe - Si | ???????? ??????????? |
| ????? ??????? | ???? ??? ?? ??? | ????? ?????? |
?????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? (MIM) ???????? ?????? ???????? (TIM)
??????? ?????? ???????? (TIM) ???????? ?????? ??????? (MIM) ?????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????. ??? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ???????.
???? ???????? ??? MIM ? TIM
| ????? | ????? ????? ????????? (TIM) | ????? ??? ??????? ?????? (MIM) |
|---|---|---|
| ??? ?????? ????????? | ??????? ???????? ??? (ABS (???????????? ??????? ???????)? PP (???? ????????)? PE (???? ???????)? PC (???? ???????) | ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? (???? ?????) |
| ??? ?????? ?????. | ????? ?????????. | ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? (??????? ????????) ?? ?????? ??????? (?????? ???????) |
| ????? ?????? | ???? ??? ????? ????????? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ????????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????. ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????????? (0.5% ??? 2%)? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ???????. ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????. | ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? (15-20%) ???? ???? ????? ????? ???????. ???????? ???? ?? ????? ????? MIM ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????. |
| ???? ?????? | ????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????????? ??????? (150 ???? ????? - 300 ???? ?????) | ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????. |
| ???????? ??????? | ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ???. | ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????. |
| ????? ????? ???????? | ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? 150 ???? ????? ?300 ???? ?????. | ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? 1000 ???? ????? ????? ????? ???????. |
| ??????? ????????? | ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????????. | ??? ????? ?? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? (30,000-150,000 ??? ??? ???? ?????) ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????. |
?????????? ???????? ?????? ? MIM ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????
??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????. ????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????????? MIM ??? ???? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????. ??????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????.
- ??????? ???????? ???????: ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????????.
- ???????? ?? ??? ???????: ???? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? (MIM) ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????. ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????????. ??? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ????????.
- ???? ?????: ???? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????. ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ??????.
- ?????? ??????: ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ???? ???????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????. ??????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ????.
- ??????? ??????: ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????.
?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? MIM ??????? ??????? ??????
???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????. ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? MIM ??????? ??????? ????????.
??? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????
??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????????. ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????.
1. ?????? ??????????? ????????
????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????. ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?????????. ???? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ???.
2. ???????? ???? ???????
?????? ???? ?????? MIM ??? 15% ?20% ????? ????? ???????. ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???????. ??? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ????.
3. ?????? ??????.
????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? (316L) ?? ??????????. ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????.
4. ?????? ????????
????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ????????? ??????? ???????. ???? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ??????.
5. ???????? ???????? ??????
????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????. ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????. ??????? ?????? ??? ???????????? ??????????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????.
??????????? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? MIM ????????? ?? MIM
????? ??????? ???????? ???????
???? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???????. ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????. ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????. ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???????.
????? ????? ??????
???? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????. ???? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????????.
??? ????? ?????
???? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????. ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? 0.5 ???? ??? 2 ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???.
??? ??????? ????????
???? ??? ????? MIM ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????. ?? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????. ????? ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????????.
???? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????
???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????. ??? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????. ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????? ????????.
????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? MIM
??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???????/??????? ???????. ??????? ??? ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????. ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????.
????? ????????: ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? - ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????.
?????? ??????: ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ????????. ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???????.
????? ?????? ???????: ??? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????. ??? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? MIM.
????? ??????: ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ????????. ??? ??? ???????? ???????? ???? ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ??????.
??????? ???????: ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????. ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????.
??????? MIM
????? ????? ??? ??????? (MIM) ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????????. ????? ??? ??? ???????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????:
- ??????? ????????: ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????.
- ?????? ??????? ??????: ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????. ??? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????.
- ?????? ?????? ?????: ????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??. ????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????.
- ???????????? ???????????: ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???????. ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??????.
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